Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

3.1K
In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
3.1K
Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

4.8K
Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
4.8K
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

4.9K
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
4.9K
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

1.9K
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
1.9K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

3.2K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
3.2K
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law01:09

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law

7.3K
The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between absorbance and concentration, which combines the principles established by scientists Johann Heinrich Lambert and August Beer. Lambert's law states that when light passes through a medium, the loss in intensity is directly proportional to the original intensity and the path length of the light. Beer's law proposed that the transmittance of a solution remains constant if the product of concentration and path length is constant. The modern...
7.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Partial Least Squares Models for the Orientation Analysis of Electrospun Fibers by Raman Spectroscopy.

Applied spectroscopy·2026
Same author

Bio-templated Piezoresistive Yarn for High Sensitivity Movement Monitoring Textiles.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Enhancing the Performance and Photostability of Perovskite Solar Cells with a Multifunctional Light-Management Composite.

Small science·2025
Same author

Zwitterionic Cellulose Hydrogels for Flexible Strain Sensors with Enhanced Sensing and Mechanical Performance.

ACS applied polymer materials·2025
Same author

Multifunctional thermoregulating and water repellent cellulosic textile.

Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC·2025
Same author

Thermoresponsive Behaviors of Poly(<i>N</i>-methacryloyl glycinamide) and Poly(<i>N</i>-acryloyl glycinamide): Effect of Methacrylation.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same journal

Reprocessable Disulfide-Based Vitrimers with Adhesive Properties.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Micro- and Nanopatterning of Highly Conductive PEDOT Thin Films.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

From Molecular Structure to Macroscopic Performance: Insights into Polycarbosilane Curing.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

High-Yield Synthesis of Molecular Bottlebrushes With Block Copolymer Side Chains by the Copper Superoxido Complex Enabled ATRP via a Grafting-From Approach.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Chemically and Mechanically Recyclable Polyolefins Incorporating Covalent Adaptable Networks.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Designing Thermally Stable DNA Hydrogels via Entropically-Driven Acridine Intercalation.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
09:43

Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

Published on: August 13, 2019

9.9K

Taming Macromolecules with Light: Lessons Learned from Vibrational Spectroscopy.

Jaana Vapaavuori1, C Geraldine Bazuin1, Christian Pellerin1

  • 1Département de chimie, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|September 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular photoswitches like azobenzene enable new applications. Vibrational spectroscopy, including infrared and Raman, reveals how light triggers molecular changes in materials, leading to macroscopic motion.

Keywords:
azopolymersphotoinduced anisotropyphotoisomerizationsurface relief gratingsvibrational spectroscopy

More Related Videos

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation
09:53

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation

Published on: October 30, 2012

13.6K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
09:43

Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

Published on: August 13, 2019

9.9K
Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation
09:53

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation

Published on: October 30, 2012

13.6K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Photochemistry and Materials Science
  • Molecular Engineering
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Azobenzene-based molecular photoswitches undergo photoisomerization when exposed to light, driving changes in macromolecular systems.
  • Translating molecular-scale photoisomerization into macroscopic material motion is a complex scientific challenge.
  • Understanding these light-triggered phenomena is crucial for developing advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how vibrational spectroscopy techniques advance the understanding of light-triggered macromolecular responses.
  • To highlight the role of infrared and Raman spectroscopy in elucidating photoinduced phenomena.
  • To provide a perspective on using vibrational spectroscopy to answer key questions in azomaterials research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing infrared and Raman spectroscopy to probe molecular changes in azobenzene-based systems.
  • Investigating phototriggered perturbations in self-assembled structures.
  • Analyzing photoinduced linear and circular anisotropy and surface patterning.

Main Results:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy provides detailed molecular insights into the photoresponse of azobenzene moieties.
  • Studies demonstrate the link between molecular photoisomerization and material behavior.
  • Specific spectroscopic signatures correlate with photoinduced anisotropy and patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrational spectroscopy is a powerful tool for understanding light-matter interactions in azomaterials.
  • This approach offers a pathway to unraveling complex photoresponsive mechanisms.
  • Further application of these techniques can address outstanding questions in the field.