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The Complications of Vascular Access in Hemodialysis

Avais Masud1, Eric J Costanzo1, Roman Zuckerman1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Seton Hall-Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey.

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|September 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Vascular access complications significantly impact hemodialysis patients. This review covers common issues like stenosis and catheter sheath formation, offering management strategies to improve dialysis quality and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Complications of hemodialysis vascular access significantly affect patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Vascular access dysfunction is a critical determinant of dialysis treatment quality.
  • Stenosis and catheter-related sheath formation are common causes of access dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss prevalent complications associated with hemodialysis vascular access.
  • To outline therapeutic options for managing these dialysis access problems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common hemodialysis vascular access complications.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies for managing access stenosis and catheter dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Vascular access stenosis restricts luminal diameter, reducing blood flow and increasing thrombosis risk.
  • Catheter-related fibroepithelial sheath formation leads to catheter dysfunction and impaired blood flow.
  • Effective management of these complications is crucial for maintaining adequate dialysis.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing vascular access complications is essential for improving hemodialysis patient outcomes.
  • Timely diagnosis and therapeutic intervention can mitigate the impact of stenosis and catheter sheath issues.
  • Optimizing vascular access function is key to enhancing the quality of dialysis treatment.

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