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Related Concept Videos

Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

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During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
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Nondisjunction01:21

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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
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Polytene Chromosomes02:04

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Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

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After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
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Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
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Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
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Chromosomal polymorphisms are independently associated with multinucleated embryo formation.

Ling Sun1, Zhi-Heng Chen2, Li Yang2

  • 1Center of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. sunling6299@163.com.

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
|September 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Parental chromosomal polymorphisms increase the risk of embryo multinucleation during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Higher luteinizing hormone (LH) levels on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day may reduce this risk.

Keywords:
Chromosomal polymorphismIn vitro fertilizationMultinucleated embryo

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Human genetics
  • In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Background:

  • Embryo multinucleation is a concern in assisted reproductive technologies.
  • Understanding its causes is crucial for improving IVF outcomes.
  • Parental genetic factors may play a role in embryo development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors linked to embryo multinucleation.
  • Specifically, to assess the impact of parental chromosomal polymorphisms on multinucleation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study of 1260 couples undergoing their first IVF/ICSI cycles.
  • Karyotype screening for chromosomal abnormalities.
  • Analysis of demographic data, stimulation protocols, and pregnancy outcomes using logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Chromosomal polymorphisms were found in 12.9% of couples.
  • Polymorphisms independently increased the risk of multinucleated embryo formation (OR=1.61).
  • Higher LH levels on hCG trigger day were associated with a decreased chance of multinucleation.

Conclusions:

  • Parental chromosomal polymorphisms are a significant risk factor for embryo multinucleation.
  • LH levels on trigger day may influence multinucleation rates.
  • Further research can optimize IVF protocols to mitigate multinucleation risk.