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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

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Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
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The Proteasome02:18

The Proteasome

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Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important amongst these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. A series of enzymes carry out the ubiquitination of the target proteins - E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research
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Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Published on: September 9, 2017

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Proteomics Insights into Autophagy.

Emmanuel K Cudjoe1, Tareq Saleh2, Adam M Hawkridge1,3

  • 1Department of Pharmacotherapy & Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.

Proteomics
|September 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, involves significant changes to proteins. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics offers a powerful, unbiased method to study these dynamic cellular events in detail.

Keywords:
Autophagosomesautophagylysosomesmass spectrometry-based proteomicssecretomes

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process for homeostasis and stress response, crucial for cell biology.
  • Its significance is highlighted by the 2016 Nobel Prize, underscoring its importance in physiological research.
  • Autophagy induction causes widespread alterations in cellular and secreted proteins (proteome and secretome).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in proteomics techniques applied to the study of autophagy.
  • To highlight how mass spectrometry-based proteomics enables unbiased measurement of autophagy-induced changes.
  • To discuss innovative strategies enhancing protein identification in autophagy research.

Main Methods:

  • Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is utilized for unbiased, comprehensive analysis of cellular changes during autophagy.
  • Improvements in mass spectrometer technology (ionization sources, detectors) enhance detection capabilities.
  • Advanced proteomics methodologies, including labeling strategies, protein separation, and immuno-capture techniques, are employed.

Main Results:

  • Proteomics can accurately measure dynamic changes in the proteome and secretome during autophagy.
  • Technological and methodological advancements allow for detailed investigation of autophagy at the molecular level.
  • These methods facilitate specific protein identification and quantification in the context of autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is a key technology for understanding the complex molecular events of autophagy.
  • Ongoing innovations in proteomics continue to deepen our insights into this vital cellular process.
  • This review summarizes critical recent advances in applying proteomics to autophagy research.