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Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
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Temporal Stability of Implicit and Explicit Measures: A Longitudinal Analysis.

Bertram Gawronski1, Mike Morrison2, Curtis E Phills3

  • 11 The University of Texas at Austin, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|September 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implicit measures are less stable over time than explicit measures, challenging common assumptions about their temporal stability. This research highlights differences in how implicit and explicit measures reflect enduring individual characteristics.

Keywords:
attitudesimplicit measureslongitudinal analysisself-concepttemporal stability

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Implicit and explicit measures are often assumed to reflect early and recent experiences, respectively.
  • This assumption includes hypotheses about situational resistance and temporal stability.
  • Temporal stability of implicit measures has been under-researched compared to situational stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal stability of individual differences in implicit versus explicit measures.
  • To compare the long-term consistency of implicit and explicit measures across different domains.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two longitudinal studies examining temporal stability.
  • Assessed implicit and explicit measures in self-concept, racial attitudes, and political attitudes.
  • Analyzed stability coefficients over time.

Main Results:

  • Implicit measures demonstrated significantly lower temporal stability (weighted average r = .54) than explicit measures (weighted average r = .75).
  • This difference in stability persisted across multiple content domains.
  • Internal consistency estimates were comparable between implicit and explicit measures.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in implicit measures are less stable over time than those in explicit measures.
  • This finding challenges the assumption that implicit measures solely reflect early or deeply ingrained experiences.
  • Re-evaluating the interpretation of implicit and explicit measures in social cognition theories is warranted.