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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
09:33

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Assessing Microvascular Function in Humans from a Chronic Disease Perspective.

Alfons J H M Houben1,2, Remy J H Martens3,4, Coen D A Stehouwer3,2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and b.houben@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|September 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is a key factor in cardiometabolic and renal diseases, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. This review covers noninvasive methods to assess microvascular function in chronic conditions.

Keywords:
Cardiometabolic diseaseMicrovascular dysfunctionPathophysiologyRenal diseaseendothelium

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is integral to cardiometabolic and renal diseases, often preceding macrovascular complications.
  • Shared mechanisms like inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to vascular damage in MVD.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in MVD, impacting microvascular reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review direct, noninvasive techniques for measuring human microcirculation.
  • To focus on methods, interpretation, and limitations of microvascular function assessment.
  • To understand MVD's role in chronic cardiometabolic and renal diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of direct, noninvasive techniques for human microcirculation assessment.
  • Focus on endothelium-dependent (micro)vascular reactivity measurement.
  • Analysis of mediator balance (nitric oxide, endothelin, prostanoids).

Main Results:

  • MVD is a critical pathway in cardiometabolic and renal disease progression.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is an early indicator of MVD.
  • Microvascular function measurement aids in understanding disease pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

  • Assessing microvascular function is crucial for understanding MVD in chronic diseases.
  • Noninvasive techniques provide insights into pathophysiologic mechanisms.
  • Understanding MVD is key to managing cardiovascular mortality in related conditions.