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Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

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Everyday Exotropia: Learning from the Littlest.

Judy L Petrunak¹

¹From Children's Eye Care, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan. judy@cecmich.com.

The American Orthoptic Journal

|September 15, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early onset exodeviations, including infantile XT (exotropia) and early XT, present differently in young children. Infantile XT shows earlier onset and larger deviations, while early XT may have better near control, with both types potentially resolving spontaneously.

Keywords:

early onset exo-deviations exotropia infantile exotropia intermittent exotropia

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology and Pediatric Eye Care
Strabismus Research
Pediatric Optometry

Background:

Early onset exodeviations in healthy children under one year can be infantile XT or early XT.
Understanding the onset and characteristics of common childhood exotropia (XT) is crucial for timely intervention.
This study reviews observations of infantile XT and early XT in young children.

Discussion:

Infantile XT presents with significantly earlier onset (3 months) and larger deviations compared to early XT (6 months).
Early XT often demonstrates good near control but variable distance control, with some cases resolving or decompensating without surgery.
Surgical outcomes for XT show a 50% success rate after 2 years, with stereoacuity not correlating with control quality.

Key Insights:

Infantile XT is less common (1:10 ratio) than early XT but has distinct clinical features and outcomes.
Many exodeviations are diagnosed by age 5, but caregiver-reported onset is often under one year.
Near-range control can mask exodeviations, highlighting the need for motility evaluations using dissociative methods.

Outlook:

Early diagnosis of exodeviations can be facilitated by utilizing dissociative motility evaluations at near and far fixation.
Spontaneous resolution is possible for both infantile XT and early XT, influencing management strategies.
Further research into the long-term outcomes and optimal treatment pathways for early onset exodeviations is warranted.