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Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

2.0K
Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
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Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

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Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
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A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice
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Membrane Innovation in Dialysis.

Adriana Boschetti-de-Fierro, Werner Beck, Helmut Hildwein

    Contributions to Nephrology
    |September 15, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Improving hemodialysis membranes is key to removing uremic toxins. Innovations focus on enhanced toxin removal and membrane permeability for better patient outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Hemodialysis requires effective removal of uremic toxins across a wide molecular weight range, a persistent challenge despite therapeutic advances.
    • Current membrane technology faces limitations in comprehensively clearing these toxins and achieving optimal permeability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore innovations in dialysis membrane technology for improved uremic toxin removal.
    • To detail advancements in membrane formation, manufacturing, and characterization for enhanced hemodialysis performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Discusses membrane formation via solution processes, controlling phase inversion with additives.
    • Covers large-scale manufacturing considerations, including raw materials, spinning, and drying.
    • Introduces novel characterization techniques for evaluating membrane performance in toxin removal and albumin loss.

    Main Results:

    • Innovations in membrane formation allow control over pore structure and selectivity.
    • Manufacturing processes significantly influence membrane properties and clinical efficacy.
    • New characterization methods provide deeper insights into membrane performance for broad toxin clearance.

    Conclusions:

    • Dialysis membrane innovation is crucial for addressing unmet needs in uremic toxin removal.
    • Controlling membrane formation and manufacturing processes is key to enhancing selectivity and permeability.
    • Advanced characterization supports the development of next-generation hemodialysis membranes.