Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

2.0K
Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
2.0K
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

1.6K
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
1.6K
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

1.1K
DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
1.1K
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

2.1K
Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
2.1K
Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

4.0K
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
4.0K
What are Membranes?01:54

What are Membranes?

194.9K
A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and...
194.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Optimizing the Priming Process for Hemoadsorption Combined with Hemodialysis (HAHD): A Two-Stage In Vitro and Clinical Validation Study.

Blood purification·2026
Same author

Hemoadsorption Combined with Hemodialysis (HAHD): a Consensus Statement from an International Expert Panel.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same author

Endotoxin and Cytokine Removal with a New (CA) Sorbent Cartridge.

Blood purification·2025
Same author

Impact of Fluid Management on Outcomes in Sequential Extracorporeal Support: A Post Hoc Analysis.

Blood purification·2025
Same author

Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Expanded Hemodialysis with Medium Cut-Off Dialyzer Compared to Haemodiafiltration.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Iodinated Contrast Adsorption in Cartridges With Styrene-Divinylbenzene Sorbent.

Artificial organs·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice
06:27

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice

Published on: July 20, 2022

3.3K

Multidimensional Classification of Dialysis Membranes.

Claudio Ronco, Mauro Neri, Anna Lorenzin

    Contributions to Nephrology
    |September 15, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    New parameters beyond molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) are needed to classify hemodialysis membranes. Molecular weight retention onset (MWRO) offers a more precise measure of membrane sieving properties for improved blood purification.

    More Related Videos

    Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis
    09:16

    Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis

    Published on: June 18, 2020

    7.4K
    Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
    07:11

    Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

    Published on: July 19, 2018

    16.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

    A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice
    06:27

    A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice

    Published on: July 20, 2022

    3.3K
    Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis
    09:16

    Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis

    Published on: June 18, 2020

    7.4K
    Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
    07:11

    Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

    Published on: July 19, 2018

    16.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Hemodialysis uses semipermeable membranes to remove waste products from blood in kidney failure.
    • Traditional membrane classification relies on composition (cellulosic vs. non-cellulosic) and hydraulic conductance (low-flux vs. high-flux).
    • Advancements in biomaterials and spinning technology necessitate new classification parameters for hemodialysis membranes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose new parameters for classifying hemodialysis membranes beyond traditional metrics.
    • To introduce and define Molecular Weight Retention Onset (MWRO) as a key parameter for characterizing membrane sieving properties.
    • To highlight the importance of MWRO in understanding pore size distribution and mass separation efficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of traditional hemodialysis membrane classification criteria.
    • Introduction of novel classification parameters: polymer blending, surface functionalization, MWCO, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, thickness, architecture, adsorption capacity, and electric potential.
    • Definition and explanation of Molecular Weight Retention Onset (MWRO) as a new sieving property metric.

    Main Results:

    • Traditional classification is insufficient for advanced hemodialysis membranes.
    • MWRO provides a more refined characterization of membrane sieving behavior compared to MWCO alone.
    • The relationship between MWCO and MWRO indicates the steepness of the sieving curve and pore size distribution.

    Conclusions:

    • New parameters, including MWRO, are crucial for accurately characterizing modern hemodialysis membranes.
    • MWRO offers critical insights into membrane performance for solute removal and mass separation.
    • Accurate membrane characterization using parameters like MWRO can lead to improved hemodialysis treatments.