Gene Expression and Methylation Analyses Suggest DCTD as a Prognostic Factor in Malignant Glioma

Malignant glioma is the most common brain cancer with dismal outcomes. Individual variation of the patients' survival times is remarkable. Here, we investigated the transcriptome and promoter methylation differences between patients of malignant glioma with short (less than one year) and the patients with long (more than three years) survival in CGGA (Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas), and validated the differences in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) to identify the genes whose expression levels showed high concordance with prognosis of glioma patients, as well as played an important role in malignant progression. The gene coding a key enzyme in genetic material synthesis, dCMP deaminase (DCTD), was found to be significantly correlated with overall survival and high level of DCTD mRNA indicated shorter survival of the patients with malignant glioma in different databases. Our finding revealed DCTD as an efficient prognostic factor for malignant glioma. As DCTD inhibitor gemcitabine has been proposed as an adjuvant therapy for malignant glioma, our finding also suggests a therapeutic value of gemcitabine for the patients with high expression level of DCTD.