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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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High-Density SNP Genotyping Array for Hexaploid Wheat and Its Relatives.

Amanda J Burridge1, Mark O Winfield2, Alexandra M Allen1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limited genetic diversity in wheat hinders yield improvement. Researchers developed a new SNP array using ancestral and wild relatives to reintroduce diversity and track genetic introgression in wheat breeding programs.

Keywords:
ArrayGenotypingSNPsTriticum aestivumWheat

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Crop science
  • Molecular breeding

Background:

  • Declining genetic diversity in elite wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding lines impedes further yield enhancement.
  • Incorporating genetic material from wheat ancestors and wild relatives is a key strategy to broaden the genetic base of modern cultivars.
  • Molecular markers are crucial for monitoring the introgression of desired genetic traits from diverse sources through backcrossing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel molecular markers for tracking genetic material introgressed from diverse wheat relatives and progenitors.
  • To create a high-density SNP array for efficient genotyping in wheat breeding and prebreeding applications.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence capture targeted resequencing was performed on a diverse panel of wheat varieties, progenitors, and wild relatives.
  • Putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified from the sequencing data.
  • These SNPs were used to design and generate the Axiom® Wheat HD array.

Main Results:

  • The Axiom® Wheat HD array was successfully developed, containing a selection of polymorphic markers.
  • Validation using elite wheat lines, progenitor species, and wild relatives demonstrated the array's utility in identifying and tracking introgressed segments.
  • Detailed procedures for marker generation and array validation are provided.

Conclusions:

  • The Axiom® Wheat HD array provides a powerful tool for wheat breeders to manage and accelerate the introgression of valuable genetic diversity.
  • This resource facilitates the precise tracking of genetic material, enabling more efficient breeding programs aimed at increasing wheat yields and adaptability.