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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optoelectronics
Photonics

Background:

Perovskite materials offer unique optical properties for optoelectronic applications.
Achieving continuous-wave (CW) operation in perovskite-based lasers, especially in the green spectrum, remains a significant challenge.
Efficient light emission and integration into devices are crucial for advancing photonic technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the development of an optically pumped green perovskite vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
To demonstrate continuous-wave (CW) operation with a low power density threshold.
To explore the potential for low-cost fabrication and monolithic integration of perovskite optoelectronics.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a microcavity device with a methylammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) active region.
Optimization of spectral alignment between optical cavity modes and perovskite gain.
Enhancement of material quality through passivation and annealing of the thin active layer.

Main Results:

Achieved optically pumped green perovskite VCSEL operation in continuous-wave (CW) mode.
Demonstrated a power density threshold of approximately 89 kW/cm².
Confirmed the importance of spectral alignment, Q-factor, thermal stability, and material quality.

Conclusions:

The developed perovskite VCSEL signifies a viable pathway towards efficient CW perovskite emitter operation.
The findings support the potential for electrical injection and low-cost fabrication methods.
This work addresses monolithic optoelectronic integration and lasing in the challenging green spectral region.