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Efficient spot size converter for higher-order mode fiber-chip coupling.

Yaxiao Lai, Yu Yu, Songnian Fu

    Optics Letters
    |September 16, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel silicon spot size converter (SSC) for efficient fiber-to-chip coupling. This higher-order mode SSC reduces coupling loss and is compatible with standard fabrication processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Integrated Optics
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Efficient fiber-to-chip coupling is crucial for optical communication systems.
    • Existing spot size converters (SSCs) face challenges with higher-order modes, leading to increased coupling loss.
    • Standard silicon photonics fabrication processes limit the development of advanced optical components.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel silicon-based spot size converter (SSC) for improved fiber-to-chip coupling.
    • To address the limitations of traditional SSCs when handling higher-order modes.
    • To achieve low coupling loss and broad bandwidth in a standard fabrication process.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and simulation of a silicon-based SSC utilizing mode petal separation and recombination.

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  • Integration of two identical tapered channel waveguides and a Y-junction for mode manipulation.
  • Experimental validation of the fabricated SSC performance within a standard fabrication process.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed SSC achieves average coupling losses of 3 dB (simulated) and 5.5 dB (experimentally demonstrated).
    • A 3 dB bandwidth is observed across the entire 1515-1585 nm wavelength range.
    • The device demonstrates compatibility with standard silicon photonics fabrication.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed higher-order mode SSC offers a significant reduction in coupling loss compared to traditional methods.
    • This technology presents a viable solution for efficient fiber-to-chip coupling in silicon photonics.
    • The demonstrated compatibility with standard fabrication paves the way for scalable integration into existing photonic platforms.