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Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
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[Scleritis and episcleritis].

E Héron1, T Bourcier2

  • 1Service de médecine interne, centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|September 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scleritis, unlike benign episcleritis, is a severe eye condition linked to systemic diseases and potential vision loss. Advances have reduced severe necrotizing scleritis cases, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
ComplicationEpiscleritisInfectionMaladie systémiqueScleritisSclériteSystemic diseaseTraitementTreatmentÉpisclérite

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Scleritis is a severe ocular condition with significant visual impairment risk (20%) and systemic disease associations (30%).
  • Infectious causes, primarily herpetic, account for 8% of scleritis cases.
  • Systemic autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory rheumatisms and vasculitides, are frequently associated with scleritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between episcleritis and scleritis.
  • To outline the etiology and systemic associations of scleritis.
  • To describe the different types of scleritis and their prognoses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scleritis and episcleritis.
  • Analysis of etiological factors and systemic disease associations.
  • Comparison of necrotizing versus non-necrotizing scleritis prognoses.

Main Results:

  • Scleritis poses a significant risk of vision loss and is linked to systemic diseases like rheumatoid polyarthritis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
  • Necrotizing scleritis has a poorer prognosis with 50% vision decrease, while non-necrotizing forms are more favorable.
  • The incidence of necrotizing scleritis has decreased to approximately 5% due to therapeutic advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Scleritis management requires multidisciplinary collaboration between ophthalmologists and internists/rheumatologists.
  • Recent therapeutic innovations have likely contributed to the reduced frequency of severe necrotizing scleritis.
  • Understanding scleritis's diverse etiologies and systemic links is crucial for effective patient care.