Biosensing methods for determination of triglycerides: A review

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Triglycerides (TGs) are crucial for fat transport and storage, with normal blood levels below 150 mg/dL.
• Elevated TG levels (>500 mg/dL) are significant biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, pancreatitis, and diabetes.
• Traditional TG detection methods are often cumbersome, time-consuming, and expensive.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and classify biosensors for triglyceride detection.
• To focus on the operating principles, advantages, and disadvantages of nanomaterial-based TG biosensors.
• To discuss the future prospects for TG biosensor development and commercialization.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on triglyceride biosensors.
• Analysis of operating principles, performance metrics, and application ranges of various TG biosensors.
• Focus on nanomaterial-based biosensors for enhanced sensitivity and efficiency.

Main Results:

• TG biosensors demonstrate high specificity, speed, ease of use, and sensitivity.
• Optimal operating conditions include pH 6.0-11.0, temperature 25-39.5°C, and detection times of 2.5-2700s.
• Detection limits range from 0.1 nM to 0.56 mM, with reusability up to 200 cycles over 7-240 days.

Conclusions:

• Biosensing approaches offer a superior alternative to traditional methods for TG detection.
• Nanomaterial-based TG biosensors show significant promise for clinical diagnostics and food analysis.
• Further improvements and commercialization efforts are needed to realize the full potential of TG biosensors.