A general strategy to fabricate photonic crystal heterostructure with Programmed photonic stopband

In this paper, we present a general fabrication strategy to achieve the structure control and the flexible photonic stop band regulation of (2+1) D photonic crystal heterostructures (PCHs) by layer-by-layer depositing the annealed colloidal crystal monolayers of different sphere size. The optical properties of the resulting (2+1) DPCHs with different lattice constants were systematically studied and a universal photonic stopband variation rule was proposed, which makes it possible to program any kind of stopband structure as required, such as dual- or multi-stopbands PCH and ultra-wide stopband PCH. Furthermore, PCH with dual-stopbands overlapping the excitation wavelength (E) and emission wavelength(F) of Ru complex was fabricated by finely manipulating the spheres' diameter of colloidal monolayers. And an additional 2-fold fluorescence enhancement in comparison to that on the single stopband sample was achieved. This strategy affords new opportunities for delicate engineering the photonic behaviour of PCH, and also is of great significance for the practical application based on their bandgap property.