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Ethnic differences in maternal near miss.

Karayna Gil Fernandes1, Renato Teixeira Souza1, Maria Carmo Leal2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, R. Alexander Fleming, 101, Campinas, SP, 13083-891, Brazil.

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Summary

Maternal near miss (MNM) occurred more frequently in indigenous and black women compared to white women in Brazil. This highlights ethnic disparities in severe maternal complications, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.

Keywords:
BrazilEthnic groupsMaternal healthMorbidityNear miss, healthcare

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Severe maternal complications, including maternal near miss (MNM), represent critical indicators of maternal healthcare quality.
  • Understanding ethnic variations in MNM is crucial for addressing health inequities in maternal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ethnicity and the incidence of maternal near miss (MNM).
  • To analyze ethnic differences in severe maternal complications within the Amazon and Northeast regions of Brazil.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a national cross-sectional study involving 16,783 women.
  • Ethnicity categorized as white, black, or indigenous.
  • Prevalence ratios were used to estimate risks for MNM, adjusted for sociodemographic and healthcare factors.

Main Results:

  • Indigenous (53.1) and black (28.4) women had higher MNM ratios than white women (25.7).
  • For black women, risks were associated with cesarean sections and peregrination; for indigenous women, longer hospital travel times increased risk.
  • Low prenatal visit numbers increased MNM risk for white women.

Conclusions:

  • Indigenous and black women experienced a higher occurrence of maternal near miss compared to white women.
  • Findings underscore significant ethnic disparities in severe maternal complications in Brazil, necessitating culturally sensitive and targeted public health strategies.