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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells
Published on: August 2, 2022
Current chemotherapeutic regimens for brain metastases treatment
Joo Yeon Nam1, Barbara J O'Brien2
1University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Abstract:
Brain metastasis is a common complication in advanced systemic cancer, with an increasing incidence. The diagnosis of brain metastasis historically portended a dismal prognosis. The successful development of effective treatments for patients with brain metastasis is complicated by the differences among cancer subtypes, the limited understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of BM, the impact of the blood-brain barrier, and other factors. There is now renewed interest in treating this often devastating complication of cancer, and in understanding the underlying mechanisms of disease in this "sanctuary" site. Promising treatment strategies include brain-penetrant targeted therapies and immunotherapy, and strategies for enhanced delivery of therapy. This review highlights a selection of these approaches.
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