Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

225
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
225
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

273
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
273
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

1.3K
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
1.3K
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

873
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
873
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

779
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
779
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

2.1K
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Response to "Methodological and inferential limits before abandoning follow-up in node-negative typical lung carcinoids".

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same author

Alpha 2A adrenergic receptor antagonism reduces fibrosis, inflammation and portal hypertension in models of chronic liver disease.

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology·2026
Same author

Quality of Life in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

Gastro hep advances·2026
Same author

Markers of inflammation and lung function in liver transplant recipients: results from a nationwide cohort study.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Thrombomodulin and syndecan-1 and association with lung function in liver transplant recipients.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Living with a transplanted liver is associated with diabetes.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

[Mosaicism as a cause of Cowden syndrome].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
Same journal

[Thyrotoxic crisis with cardiogenic shock].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
Same journal

[Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the treatment of depression].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
Same journal

[Fitness].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
Same journal

[Risk of developing cataract related to fluoroscopy].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
Same journal

[Obturator hernia with small bowel ileus presenting as hip pain in an elderly woman].

Ugeskrift for laeger·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

11.1K

[Acute-on-chronic liver failure].

Nikolaj Worm Ørntoft1, Karen Louise Thomsen, Gitte Dam

  • 1nielaaga@rm.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|September 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) involves liver cirrhosis decompensation, organ failure, and high mortality. Infections and alcohol precipitate ACLF, marked by inflammation and liver injury, with severity graded by organ failure extent.

More Related Videos

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

12.1K
Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure
16:19

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure

Published on: September 13, 2014

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

11.1K
Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

12.1K
Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure
16:19

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure

Published on: September 13, 2014

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe clinical syndrome.
  • It is defined by acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis, leading to organ failure.
  • ACLF is associated with high short-term mortality, ranging from 20% to 80% within one month.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ACLF.
  • To outline the main precipitants and mechanistic features of ACLF.
  • To explain the grading of ACLF severity and the role of prognostic scores.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical syndrome characterization.
  • Identification of main precipitants (infections, alcohol intake).
  • Analysis of mechanistic features (systemic inflammation, macrophage activation, liver injury).

Main Results:

  • ACLF presents with acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis and organ failure.
  • Key triggers include infections and excessive alcohol consumption.
  • Systemic inflammation, macrophage activation, and liver injury are core mechanistic features.

Conclusions:

  • ACLF severity is graded by the number and extent of organ failures.
  • Prognostic scores are crucial for predicting mortality.
  • These scores aid in decisions regarding intensive treatment or futility of care.