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Olfactory deficits decrease the time resolution for trigeminal lateralization.

A Oleszkiewicz1, T Meusel2, M Güpfert3

  • 1Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|September 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that individuals with reduced trigeminal sensitivity, such as those with anosmia (loss of smell), require a longer time lag to distinguish simultaneous intranasal trigeminal stimuli. Healthy individuals can lateralize stimuli faster, highlighting differences in sensory processing.

Keywords:
AnosmiaChemical stimulationLateralizationTemporal resolutionTrigeminal nerve

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Physiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • The temporal resolution for detecting simultaneous intranasal trigeminal stimuli is not well understood.
  • Anosmia and hyposmia are associated with reduced trigeminal sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal resolution of intranasal trigeminal stimulus detection.
  • To compare this temporal resolution between individuals with anosmia/hyposmia and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • 20 posttraumatic anosmic/hyposmic patients and 23 healthy controls participated.
  • Bilateral trigeminal stimulation with CO₂ (60%) was delivered via a precise olfactometer.
  • Participants reported the perceived side of stimulation with varying time-lags (40-200ms).

Main Results:

  • Accuracy in lateralizing stimuli improved with increasing time-lags in both groups.
  • Healthy individuals outperformed anosmic/hyposmic individuals at a 200ms time-lag.
  • Normosmic subjects achieved above-chance accuracy at 80ms, while anosmic/hyposmic subjects required 120ms.

Conclusions:

  • Intranasal trigeminal stimuli can be lateralized at a 200ms time-lag.
  • Reduced trigeminal sensitivity in anosmia/hyposmia necessitates a longer perception time for simultaneous stimuli.