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Neonatal Perforated Appendicitis Attributed to Localized Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Appendix: A Review.
Andrew Tumen1, Pranit N Chotai1,2, John Matthew Williams3
1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Journal of Neonatal Surgery
|September 19, 2017
Summary
Neonatal perforated appendicitis is rare but serious. Some cases may be a localized form of necrotizing enterocolitis, suggesting a need for early surgical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Neonatal Medicine
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Neonatal appendicitis is a rare condition with high morbidity and mortality.
- Appendicular perforation is frequent, often diagnosed during surgery.
- The etiology of neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA).
- To explore the potential role of localized necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in NPA.
- To provide recommendations for diagnosis and management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cases of NPA.
- Analysis of studies linking NPA to localized NEC.
- Synthesis of current evidence and clinical recommendations.
Main Results:
- Neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) is associated with significant complications.
- Evidence suggests a subset of NPA cases may be a localized form of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
- Diagnosis is often delayed until intra-operative findings.
Conclusions:
- A high index of clinical suspicion for NPA is crucial.
- Early surgical intervention (laparotomy) is recommended for suspected cases.
- Recognizing localized NEC as a potential cause can guide management.
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