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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

318
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
299
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

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Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

284
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Medication usage and falls in people with multiple sclerosis.

Laura Comber1, Gillian Quinn1, Chris McGuigan2

  • 1Department of Clinical Therapies, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|September 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Certain medications increase fall risk in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Specifically, genitourinary/sex hormones and centrally acting muscle relaxants were linked to higher odds of falling in people with MS.

Keywords:
Accidental fallsmultiple sclerosisprescription drugs

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Falls are a significant concern for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting mobility and quality of life.
  • Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for developing effective fall prevention strategies in MS.
  • Existing research on medication use and falls in MS presents conflicting evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific medication classes and the occurrence of falls in people with MS.
  • To identify potential pharmacological risk factors contributing to falls in the MS population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study monitored falls in 101 individuals with MS over a 3-month period.
  • Medications were classified using the Anatomical Therapeutic Classification (ATC) system.
  • Statistical analysis examined the relationship between medication use and fall incidence.

Main Results:

  • No overall association was found between the total number of medications and falls.
  • The use of genitourinary and sex hormone medications was significantly associated with increased odds of being a faller (OR = 5.154).
  • Centrally acting muscle relaxant medications also showed a significant association with increased fall odds (OR = 5.181).

Conclusions:

  • Specific medication classes, namely genitourinary/sex hormones and centrally acting muscle relaxants, are associated with a higher risk of falls in people with MS.
  • These findings highlight the importance of medication review for fall prevention in MS management.
  • Targeted interventions considering these medication risks may improve fall prevention strategies for MS patients.