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Multimedia education program and nutrition therapy improves HbA1c, weight, and lipid profile of patients with type 2
Lubia Velázquez-López1, Abril Violeta Muñoz-Torres2, Patricia Medina-Bravo3
1Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital "Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México City, Mexico. lubia2002@yahoo.com.mx.
Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of a multimedia education program and nutrition therapy on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Research Question:
What is the effect of a multimedia education program and nutritional therapy on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes?
Patients And Methods:
A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 351 patients randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving a multimedia diabetes education program (MDE) and nutrition therapy (NT) (NT + MDE: n = 173), or to a control group who received nutrition therapy only (NT: n = 178). At baseline, 7, 14, and 21 months, the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were measured. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat percentage, fat and lean mass, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) were also recorded.
Results:
Glycated hemoglobin decreased in both groups, although the group with NT + MDE had a greater reduction, with a difference of -0.76% (95%CI -1.33 to -0.19) at 7 months and -0.73% (95%CI -1.37 to -0.09) at 21 months. Only in the NT + MDE did the glucose decrease at 7 (-41.2 mg/dL; 95%CI -52.0 to -30.5), 14 (-27.8 mg/dL; 95%CI -32.6 to -23.1), and 21 months (-36.6 mg/dL; 95%CI -46.6 to -26.6). Triglycerides and the atherogenic index decreased in both groups at 7 and 14 months; while only in the NT + MDE group did it decrease at 21 months. (p < 0.05). Weight decreased at 21 months in the NT + MDE group (-1.23, -2.29 at -0.16; p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Nutrition therapy and a multimedia diabetes education program have a favorable impact on achieving metabolic control goals in type 2 diabetes.
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