Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

899
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
899
Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring01:24

Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring

307
Self-monitoring is a central construct in understanding individual differences in self-presentation strategies across social contexts. It refers to how individuals observe, regulate, and control their expressive behavior and self-presentation following situational cues. Self-monitoring reflects a person's sensitivity to social appropriateness and willingness to adapt behavior to fit varying interpersonal demands.High vs. Low Self-Monitoring IndividualsIndividuals high in self-monitoring are...
307
Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

296
Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
296
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

1.3K
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
1.3K
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

345
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
345
Protecting Self-Esteem01:27

Protecting Self-Esteem

243
Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
243

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Primary biliary cholangitis: Beyond classical histopathology - diagnostic challenges in native and transplanted livers.

Annals of diagnostic pathology·2026
Same authorSame journal

Real and unreal elements within the psychotherapy relationship.

Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)·2026
Same author

Immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of a recombinant shingles vaccine with an mRNA COVID-19 or adjuvanted influenza vaccine: a randomised controlled trial.

The Journal of infection·2026
Same author

Comparing the Generalizability of Multiregional versus Locally Trained Deep Learning Models for Trachoma Detection.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

Nasal-Temporal Asymmetry in Retinopathy of Prematurity as a Source of Diagnostic Bias and Error.

Ophthalmology. Retina·2026
Same author

Latent Supervision: A Method for Improved Performance and Calibration of Machine Learning Classification Models in Ophthalmology.

Ophthalmology science·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published on: March 8, 2018

13.2K

The development and initial validation of the Countertransference Management Scale.

Andrés E Pérez-Rojas1, Beatriz Palma1, Avantika Bhatia1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland.

Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)
|September 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces the Countertransference Management Scale (CMS) to better assess how therapists manage countertransference. The new scale identifies two key factors: "Understanding Self and Client" and "Self-Integration and Regulation."

More Related Videos

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
08:25

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment

Published on: December 6, 2024

1.3K
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published on: March 8, 2018

13.2K
Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
08:25

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment

Published on: December 6, 2024

1.3K
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychotherapy Research
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Countertransference is a critical component of the therapeutic relationship, influencing treatment outcomes.
  • Existing measures, like the Countertransference Factors Inventory, have psychometric limitations in assessing actual countertransference management during therapy sessions.
  • Previous instruments focused on correlates rather than constituents of effective countertransference management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a new, psychometrically sound measure for assessing countertransference management in therapists.
  • To capture the five theorized therapist qualities (self-insight, conceptualizing ability, empathy, self-integration, anxiety management) as direct constituents of countertransference management.
  • To create a tool that reflects countertransference management as it manifests within the therapy hour.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the 22-item Countertransference Management Scale (CMS).
  • Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on ratings from 286 therapy supervisors evaluating their current supervisees.
  • Validation included assessing convergent and criterion-related validity by correlating CMS scores with measures of therapist countertransference behavior, theoretical framework, self-esteem, observing ego, empathic understanding, and anxiety tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Exploratory factor analysis revealed two correlated factors underlying the five constituents: 'Understanding Self and Client' and 'Self-Integration and Regulation'.
  • The CMS demonstrated evidence of convergent and criterion-related validity, with scores correlating as hypothesized with relevant psychological constructs.
  • The study supported the internal consistency of the CMS and its subscales.

Conclusions:

  • The Countertransference Management Scale (CMS) is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing therapist countertransference management.
  • The CMS effectively operationalizes key therapist qualities as direct components of effective countertransference management.
  • Findings have implications for research, clinical practice, and therapist training in managing countertransference.