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Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

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Rab11 family expression in the human placenta: Localization at the maternal-fetal interface.

Elizabeth S Taglauer^1,2, Patrycja A Artemiuk³, Sara R Hanscom³

¹Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

|September 19, 2017

Summary

Rab proteins, crucial for vesicle trafficking, are expressed in the human placenta. This study identified Rab11a, Rab11c, and Rab14 in placental cells and tissues, highlighting their role at the maternal-fetal interface.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Reproductive Biology

Background:

Rab proteins are small GTPases regulating vesicle trafficking.
The Rab11 subfamily is key in endosomal recycling pathways.
Rab11 subfamily function in human organ systems requires further exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the expression and localization of Rab11a, Rab11c (Rab25), and Rab14 in human placental cells and tissues.
Determine the presence of the Rab11 effector protein, Rab Coupling Protein (RCP).
Explore the role of these Rab proteins at the maternal-fetal interface.

Main Methods:

Western blotting to detect protein expression in human cell lines and placental lysates.
Immunofluorescence microscopy to analyze protein localization in placental cell lines.
Fluorescent immunohistochemistry to identify protein localization in primary human placental tissues.

Main Results:

Rab11a, Rab11c (Rab25), and Rab14 were expressed in various human cell lines, including BeWo cells.
These Rab proteins and RCP showed prominent expression in placental cell lines.
Abundant localization of Rab11a, Rab11c, Rab14, and RCP was observed in the syncytiotrophoblast and fetal vessel endothelium of human placental tissue.

Conclusions:

The Rab11 family of proteins is expressed in the human placenta.
Rab11a, Rab11c, Rab14, and RCP are localized to key functional areas of the placenta.
These findings suggest a significant role for Rab11 proteins at the maternal-fetal interface, particularly in transcytosis.