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Controlled Human Malaria Infection: Applications, Advances, and Challenges.

Danielle I Stanisic1, James S McCarthy2,3, Michael F Good4

  • 1Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia d.stanisic@griffith.edu.au.

Infection and Immunity
|September 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) uses controlled parasite inoculation to test malaria vaccines and drugs. Recent advances in reagents and cryopreservation accelerate development and rigorous evaluation.

Keywords:
Plasmodiumcontrolled human malaria infectiondrug developmentexperimental malariamalariavaccine development

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) involves deliberate infection for research.
  • Historically, CHMI was used for neurosyphilis treatment and later for vaccine/drug development.
  • CHMI studies faced limitations due to reliance on insectaries and limited parasite strains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of CHMI in malaria research.
  • To highlight recent advancements in CHMI methodologies and reagents.
  • To discuss current challenges and future directions in CHMI.

Main Methods:

  • CHMI involves controlled inoculation with malaria parasites (e.g., *Plasmodium falciparum*) via mosquito or direct injection.
  • Antimalarial drugs are administered to curtail infections when necessary.
  • Recent advancements include sporozoite cryopreservation and cultured cell banks for blood-stage infections.

Main Results:

  • CHMI is crucial for early-phase evaluation of malaria vaccine and drug candidates.
  • Advances enhance reagent accessibility and enable multi-strain/species evaluations.
  • CHMI facilitates progression of promising candidates for endemic area trials.

Conclusions:

  • CHMI is a valuable tool for malaria vaccine and drug development.
  • Technological advancements are improving the rigor and accessibility of CHMI.
  • Addressing ongoing challenges will further accelerate progress in malaria control.