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Related Experiment Videos

Prophylaxis for pulmonary acid aspiration.

T H Joyce1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.

The American Journal of Medicine
|December 18, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pulmonary acid aspiration during surgery remains a risk, though incidence is unknown. Prophylactic interventions like physical therapies and medications can mitigate risks, especially in high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pulmonary acid aspiration during the perioperative period has been recognized for over 40 years.
  • The exact incidence and identification of at-risk patients remain uncertain.
  • Despite awareness, effective prevention strategies are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the current understanding of pulmonary acid aspiration in the perioperative setting.
  • To discuss various proposed and utilized therapeutic interventions for prevention.
  • To provide recommendations for managing high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on perioperative pulmonary acid aspiration.
  • Analysis of proposed and implemented physical and pharmaceutical interventions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of the efficacy of different prophylactic measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Physical therapies, such as cricoid pressure, show success in preventing aspiration.
    • Clear antacids administered preoperatively are effective.
    • Histamine (H2)-receptor antagonists (e.g., cimetidine, ranitidine) are useful when preoperative dosing is feasible.
    • Metoclopramide offers an intravenous option for emergency surgery.

    Conclusions:

    • A combination of physical and pharmaceutical interventions is recommended for high-risk patients.
    • Prophylactic strategies are essential for reducing the incidence of perioperative pulmonary acid aspiration.
    • Further research may be needed to clarify incidence and optimize risk identification.