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Pleuritis Caused by Mycobacterium kyorinense without Pulmonary Involvement
Tatsuyoshi Ikeue1, Hiroshi Yoshida1, Eiichiro Tanaka1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Japan.
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|September 20, 2017
Summary
This study reports the first case of pleuritis caused by Mycobacterium kyorinense in a patient without lung disease. Prompt identification and treatment led to the patient's recovery.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Mycobacterium kyorinense, a non-tuberculous mycobacterium, is an emerging pathogen.
- Pleuritis, inflammation of the pleura, can have various causes, including infections.
- Immunosuppression is a risk factor for opportunistic infections.
Observation:
- A 48-year-old male on immunosuppressants presented with cough and dyspnea.
- Pleural effusion was detected, but computed tomography showed no pulmonary lesions.
- Fluid cultures identified Mycobacterium kyorinense.
Findings:
- This is the first documented case of pleuritis caused solely by Mycobacterium kyorinense.
- The patient successfully recovered after a 6-month course of clarithromycin and moxifloxacin.
- The absence of pulmonary involvement in this case is noteworthy.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider Mycobacterium kyorinense as a potential cause of pleuritis, even without apparent lung disease.
- Accurate identification of mycobacterial species from pleural fluid is crucial.
- Drug susceptibility testing is essential for guiding effective treatment of mycobacterial pleuritis.
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