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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
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Circulating levels and characterization of microparticles in patients with different degrees of glucose tolerance

Alessandra Giannella1, Claudia Maria Radu1, Lorenzo Franco2

  • 1Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.

Cardiovascular Diabetology
|September 21, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Circulating microparticles (MPs) and miR-126-3p levels are altered in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, indicating early endothelial dysfunction. These findings highlight potential biomarkers for vascular damage in glucose intolerance.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Microparticles (MPs) are shed from blood cells and indicate vascular damage.
  • Early endothelial activation and damage are key in glucose intolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine circulating MP levels and miRNA-126 content in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
  • To investigate the relationship between MPs, miRNA-126, and early endothelial dysfunction markers.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze MPs (CD62E+, CD62P+, CD142+, CD45+) and apoptotic fractions (AnnexinV+) in 39 prediabetic (PreDM), 68 type 2 diabetic (T2DM), and 53 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR measured miRNA-126 expression in MPs.
  • Plasma antioxidant capacity, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Activated endothelial cell-derived MPs (CD62E+) were significantly increased in PreDM and T2DM compared to NGT.
  • miR-126-3p expression in MPs decreased progressively from NGT to PreDM to T2DM.
  • Decreased plasma antioxidant capacity and increased VCAM-1 were observed in PreDM and T2DM.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating CD62E+ MPs and miR-126-3p content are abnormal in prediabetes, suggesting early endothelial dysfunction.
  • miR-126-3p levels correlate with markers of endothelial inflammation and dysfunction, including VCAM-1 and antioxidant capacity.
Keywords:
MicroparticlesPrediabetesType 2 diabetesmicroRNA

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