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Preventing Myopia
Wolf A Lagrèze1, Frank Schaeffel
1Eye Center at the Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine of the University of Freiburg; Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Section for Neurobiology of the Eye, University of Tübingen.
Deutsches Arzteblatt International
|September 21, 2017
Summary
Reducing myopia progression is possible with daylight exposure and limiting close-up work. Low-dose atropine eye drops and multifocal lenses can slow myopia development, offering effective interventions for this growing vision concern.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Myopia (nearsightedness) prevalence is increasing globally due to lifestyle changes.
- Understanding myopia risk factors is crucial for prevention and management.
- Reducing myopia severity can lower the risk of associated visual impairments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current strategies for reducing myopia risk and progression.
- To identify effective interventions for myopia control.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of the PubMed/Medline database.
- Selective review of pertinent studies on myopia.
- Analysis of pharmacological and optical interventions.
Main Results:
- Reduced daylight exposure and increased close-up work elevate myopia risk significantly.
- Low-dose atropine eye drops demonstrated a notable reduction in myopia progression (up to 0.71 diopters over two years).
- Multifocal optical corrections showed a weaker effect on myopia progression.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacological (atropine) and optical (multifocal lenses) methods are effective in mitigating myopia progression.
- Pediatricians, parents, and schools must address risk factors like close-up work and insufficient daylight.
- Increased digital media use necessitates greater attention to myopia prevention strategies.
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