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Hormonal response patterns are differentially influenced by physical conditioning programs during basic military

Jace R Drain1, Herbert Groeller2, Simon D Burley2

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Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
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Summary

A new physical training regimen in military recruits showed lower physical activity but an improved hormonal stress profile compared to traditional training. This suggests potential benefits for recruit outcomes and overall military readiness.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Military medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Basic Military Training (BMT) involves intense physical conditioning.
  • Understanding the physiological impact of different training programs is crucial for optimizing recruit performance and well-being.
  • Hormonal responses and body composition changes are key indicators of physiological adaptation to training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of traditional versus a higher-load/intensity physical training regimen on hormonal profiles and body composition in military recruits during BMT.
  • To investigate the relationship between physical activity levels and physiological changes during BMT.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional study involving two recruit intakes over a 12-week Australian Army BMT course.
  • Control (CON) group (n=40) followed extant training; Experimental (EXP) group (n=35) followed a higher-load/intensity regimen.
  • Hormone concentrations (IGF-I, testosterone, cortisol, SHBG) and body composition were measured at weeks 1 and 12. Physical activity was assessed at weeks 2, 6, and 9.

Main Results:

  • Significant group×time interactions observed for Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) and cortisol.
  • Main effects over time were significant for IGF-I, cortisol, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG).
  • Lean and fat mass changes were associated with altered hormone concentrations, with approximately 50% lower physical activity in the EXP group during training sessions.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to report differential hormonal responses to contrasting physical conditioning regimens during BMT.
  • Recruits in the higher-load/intensity EXP regimen exhibited an attenuated stress profile.
  • Optimizing training regimens can enhance recruit outcomes, directly impacting organizational capability through improved personnel physical capability.