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Intraocular pressure in children after congenital heart surgery: A single-center study

Sunali Goyal1,2, Paul H Phillips1,2, Lamonda A Corder2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.

Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
|September 21, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is elevated in children with single-ventricle anatomy after heart surgery, regardless of heart rate or blood pressure. This finding highlights the link between cardiovascular physiology and IOP in pediatric cardiac patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • The relationship between cardiac physiology and intraocular pressure (IOP) in children post-heart surgery is not well understood.
  • Varied cardiovascular physiologies may influence IOP in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intraocular pressure (IOP) in pediatric patients with different cardiovascular physiologies and hemodynamics after cardiac surgery.
  • To identify potential correlations between specific surgical procedures and IOP levels.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational study included 58 children (116 eyes) under 18 years old undergoing congenital heart surgery.
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a tonometer between 3 and 14 days post-operation.
  • Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were analyzed using summary statistics.

Main Results:

  • Children with single-ventricle anatomy showed significantly higher mean IOP (18 mm Hg) compared to those with two-ventricle anatomy (12 mm Hg), despite similar heart rate and blood pressure.
  • Specific surgical procedures like central shunt, Fontan operation, bidirectional Glenn, and Norwood operations were associated with the highest IOPs.
  • No significant difference in IOP was observed based on the complexity of the heart operation performed.

Conclusions:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) levels vary significantly with differing cardiovascular physiology in children following cardiac surgery.
  • These findings underscore the importance of monitoring IOP in pediatric patients with complex congenital heart disease post-operatively.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital heart surgeryheart defectsintraocular pressuresingle ventricle anatomy

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