[Obstructed defecation syndrome - review article].

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Colorectal Surgery

Background:

• Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) is a primary cause of constipation, stemming from pelvic floor anatomical disorders like rectocele and rectal intussusception, coupled with functional defecation defects.
• This review offers a comprehensive overview of ODS diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current diagnostic and treatment strategies for obstructed defecation syndrome.
• To highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing ODS.

Main Methods:

• Overview of conservative treatments including defecation practices, diet, pelvic floor rehabilitation, and psychological support.
• Categorization of surgical interventions into transvaginal, transabdominal, and transanal approaches, noting the frequent use and good short-term outcomes of transanal procedures.
• Discussion of the ongoing evaluation of long-term results for surgical interventions.

Main Results:

• Conservative treatment encompasses lifestyle adjustments, rehabilitation, and psychological support.
• Surgical options include transanal, transabdominal, and transvaginal procedures, with transanal methods showing promise for short-term success and fewer complications.
• Long-term efficacy of surgical interventions remains a subject of continued research and discussion.

Conclusions:

• ODS management necessitates addressing both functional and anatomical components.
• A multidisciplinary approach integrating conservative care with carefully selected surgical procedures is crucial for achieving favorable long-term results in ODS patients.