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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
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Aseptic techniques prevent contamination, ensure experimental accuracy, and protect researchers and microbial cultures. These techniques are essential in clinical, industrial, and research settings where sterility is required.Maintaining Sterility in Laboratory PracticesScientists maintain sterility by sterilizing tools with heat or chemicals, disinfecting work surfaces, and handling cultures in controlled environments. Working near an open flame or within a laminar flow hood reduces the risk...
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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Microbial Nutrition01:28

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Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
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Classification is the process of organizing organisms into hierarchically inclusive groups based on their phenotypic similarities or evolutionary relationships. A species comprises one or more strains, and closely related species are grouped into genera. Genera are further classified into families, families into orders, orders into classes, and so forth, up to the domain level, which is the broadest taxonomic rank derived from a combination of phenotypic and genotypic data.The nomenclature of...
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Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device
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Short Course in the Microbiome.

Kimberly Falana1, Rob Knight2, Camilia R Martin3

  • 1BioPharma Research Council, Tinton Falls, NJ, USA.

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers
|September 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human microbiome influences health and disease, offering potential for new microbiome-based therapeutics and diagnostics. Understanding the microbiome is key to personalized medicine and disease prevention.

Keywords:
antibioticsbacteriacancergutmicrobiomepersonalized medicineprenatalshort coursetherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Science

Background:

  • The microbiome significantly impacts physiological processes including metabolism, immune function, and behavior.
  • Microbial communities are implicated in various diseases such as cancer, inflammatory, and metabolic disorders.
  • The microbiome presents a promising frontier for personalized medicine and targeted disease interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key insights from a webinar series on the microbiome's role in health and disease.
  • To highlight the potential of microbiome-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
  • To discuss challenges and opportunities in clinical microbiome research.

Main Methods:

  • A four-session webinar series in April 2015.
  • Expert presentations covering healthy and altered microbiome states from neonates to adults.
  • Discussion of the microbiome's link to diseases like asthma and cancer.

Main Results:

  • The microbiome plays a crucial role in digestion, immune system support, and pathogen defense.
  • Altered microbiome composition is associated with numerous diseases.
  • Manipulation of the microbiome offers strategies for disease prevention.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiome is a critical environmental factor influencing human health.
  • Translational research and FDA-approved platforms are paving the way for microbiome-based treatments.
  • Despite challenges, the clinical benefits of microbiome research present a bright outlook for future applications.