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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children with asthma: An observational cohort study
Li-Lun Lin1, Shu-Jung Huang1, Liang-Shiou Ou1
1Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Summary
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) affects over half of children with asthma. Increased airway hyper-responsiveness and allergies like atopic dermatitis predict EIB severity in pediatric asthma patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common condition in children with asthma, but its prevalence and associated factors require further elucidation.
- Understanding EIB predictors is crucial for timely diagnosis and management in pediatric asthma patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of EIB in children diagnosed with asthma.
- To identify factors that predict the presence and severity of EIB in this population.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 149 children (age >5 years) with physician-diagnosed asthma underwent standardized treadmill exercise challenge and methacholine challenge tests.
- Data on lung function changes, airway hyper-responsiveness (PC20), and allergic sensitization were collected between October 2015 and December 2016.
Main Results:
- EIB was diagnosed in 52.5% of the studied children with asthma.
- Children with EIB showed higher rates of atopic dermatitis and allergies to Dermatophagoides species.
- Greater airway hyper-responsiveness (lower PC20) correlated with a higher prevalence and more severe decline in FEV1 during EIB.
Conclusions:
- EIB is highly prevalent in children with asthma, affecting over half of the cohort.
- Severe methacholine-induced airway hyper-responsiveness is a significant predictor of both EIB prevalence and severity in pediatric asthma.
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