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Updated: Feb 22, 2026
Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
Published on: October 25, 2018
Fab antibody fragment-functionalized liposomes for specific targeting of antigen-positive cells
Anna Ohradanova-Repic1, Eugénia Nogueira2, Ingrid Hartl1
1Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Abstract:
Liposomes functionalized with monoclonal antibodies or their antigen-binding fragments have attracted much attention as specific drug delivery devices for treatment of various diseases including cancer. The conjugation of antibodies to liposomes is usually achieved by covalent coupling using cross-linkers in a reaction that might adversely affect the characteristics of the final product. Here we present an alternative strategy for liposome functionalization: we created a recombinant Fab antibody fragment genetically fused on its C-terminus to the hydrophobic peptide derived from pulmonary surfactant protein D, which became inserted into the liposomal bilayer during liposomal preparation and anchored the Fab onto the liposome surface. The Fab-conjugated liposomes specifically recognized antigen-positive cells and efficiently delivered their cargo, the Alexa Fluor 647 dye, into target cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our approach offers the potential for straightforward development of nanomedicines functionalized with an antibody of choice without the need of harmful cross-linkers.
Insights
Researchers developed a novel method to attach antibody fragments to liposomes for targeted drug delivery. This approach avoids harsh chemicals, enabling simpler development of antibody-functionalized nanomedicines.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanomedicine
- Drug Delivery
Background:
- Liposomes are widely investigated as drug carriers, particularly for cancer therapy.
- Antibody functionalization enhances liposome targeting but often involves cross-linking, potentially compromising product integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an alternative, non-covalent strategy for antibody fragment conjugation to liposomes.
- To create antibody-functionalized liposomes for targeted delivery of therapeutic payloads.
Main Methods:
- A recombinant antibody fragment (Fab) was genetically fused to a hydrophobic peptide.
- This fusion peptide was inserted into the liposomal bilayer during preparation, anchoring the Fab to the surface.
- Liposomes carrying Alexa Fluor 647 dye were prepared using this method.
Main Results:
- Fab-conjugated liposomes successfully anchored to the liposome surface.
- These liposomes demonstrated specific recognition of antigen-positive cells.
- Efficient delivery of the Alexa Fluor 647 dye into target cells was observed both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions:
- A straightforward, cross-linker-free method for antibody-based liposome functionalization was established.
- This approach facilitates the development of advanced nanomedicines with enhanced targeting capabilities.
- The technique offers a versatile platform for creating antibody-functionalized liposomes for various therapeutic applications.
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