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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Bacterial Inner-membrane Display for Screening a Library of Antibody Fragments
Published on: October 15, 2016
Dodging Endosomes: Effective Cytosolic Antibody Delivery
1Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Bio-organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
New methods enable antibody delivery into the cell cytosol. These approaches bypass cellular defenses by crossing the plasma membrane or escaping endosomes for therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Cell biology
- Biotechnology
- Drug delivery
Background:
- Antibody therapeutics are crucial for treating diseases but typically function extracellularly.
- Delivering antibodies into the cell cytosol offers new therapeutic possibilities.
- Current methods for intracellular delivery are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in antibody delivery into the cell cytosol.
- To highlight novel methodologies for enhanced intracellular antibody access.
Main Methods:
- Direct antibody translocation across the plasma membrane.
- Antibody escape from endosomal compartments into the cytosol.
Main Results:
- The Cardoso/Hackenberger group developed methods for direct plasma membrane antibody delivery.
- The Futaki group engineered strategies for antibodies to escape endosomes.
- These methods offer alternative routes for cytosolic antibody delivery.
Conclusions:
- Recent breakthroughs provide innovative strategies for intracellular antibody delivery.
- These advancements expand the potential of antibody-based therapeutics by enabling cytosolic access.
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