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[Infantile haemangioma: clinical and demographic characteristics, experiences in the treatment]
Zsanett Renáta Csoma1, Szandra Dalmády1, Rita Ábrahám1
1Bőrgyógyászati és Allergológiai Klinika, Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Szeged, Korányi fasor 6., 6720.
Insights
Systemic propranolol effectively treats complicated infantile haemangiomas, showing significant regression with minimal side effects. Early intervention is crucial, as many infants are referred late for specialized paediatric dermatology care.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Paediatrics
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Infantile haemangiomas are common vascular tumors in infants, often regressing spontaneously.
- However, 10-15% develop severe complications requiring specialized management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess patient data and summarize therapy outcomes for infantile haemangiomas over 4.5 years.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatments in a Paediatric Dermatology Outpatient Clinic.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of demographic data, tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities.
- Detailed review of treatment outcomes, intervals, and adverse events for 96 infants with 163 infantile haemangiomas.
Main Results:
- 42 infants received beta-blocker therapy (local or systemic), achieving marked clinical regression.
- Infants requiring beta-blocker therapy had significantly lower gestational age and weight.
- Adverse effects were noted in only 6 cases.
Conclusions:
- Systemic propranolol is the first-line treatment for complicated infantile haemangiomas, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy.
- Early treatment initiation is vital, but many patients face delayed referrals to specialized centers.
Introduction:
Infantile haemangiomas are the most common vascular tumours of infancy. The vast majority of the lesions do not require dermatological treatment due to their unique clinical course and the high rate of spontaneous regression. Approximately 10-15% of the tumours result in severe complications and sequale, requiring special management and close follow-up.
Aim:
The aim of the present study was to assess the data of the patients treated with infantile haemangiomas, and to summarize the results of the therapy during 4.5 years of study period, in the Paediatric Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Dermatology and Allergology, at the University of Szeged.
Method:
Demographic data of the infants (gender, gestational age and weight, perinatal history of the infant and medical history of mothers), exact date of the visits at Paediatric Dermatology Outpatient Clinic and tumour characteristics (number, subtype, anatomical localisation and complications) were analysed in details. Treatment modalities and therapy intervals, outcomes and the adverse events of the therapies were also discussed in the survey.
Results:
During the study period, 96 infants with 163 infantile haemangiomas were observed. 54 patients required regular observations, while 42 infants required local or systemic beta-blocker therapy. All of the tumours treated with local or systemic therapy showed marked clinical regression; adverse effects were observed in only 6 cases. The gestational age and gestational weight of infants requiring beta-blocker therapy was significantly lower as compared to children needed only observation.
Conclusions:
Systemic propranolol is currently the first-line treatment modality for complicated infantile haemangiomas. Our results confirm the significant therapeutic efficacy of propranolol. Early introduction of the treatment is relevant; unfortunately a great proportion of patients are referred late to Paediatric Dermatology Centres. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(39): 1535-1544.
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