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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
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Childhood Thyroid Function Reference Ranges and Determinants: A Literature Overview and a Prospective Cohort Study.

Ibrahim Önsesveren1,2,3, Mirjana Barjaktarovic1,2,3, Layal Chaker2,3

  • 11 The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam, The Netherlands .

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|September 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood thyroid reference ranges for thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) vary widely. This study identified key determinants like weight, sex, and ethnicity influencing these ranges in children.

Keywords:
TSHchildhooddeterminantfT4literature overviewreference range

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric endocrinology
  • Clinical chemistry
  • Reference range establishment

Background:

  • Reported reference ranges for childhood thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) exhibit significant variability.
  • Existing knowledge on factors influencing thyroid function in children is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on childhood TSH and fT4 reference ranges.
  • To identify determinants of TSH and fT4 concentrations in a pediatric cohort.
  • To assess the impact of these determinants on reference range calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of major scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, etc.) for thyroid function reference ranges in children.
  • Analysis of a prospective cohort of 4273 children (median age 6.0 years) to examine associations between TSH/fT4 levels and factors like age, sex, anthropometrics, ethnicity, maternal education, and venipuncture timing.
  • Investigation into how individual variations in determinants affect reference range calculations.

Main Results:

  • Published TSH and fT4 reference ranges show substantial differences across and within age groups.
  • In the study cohort, weight, sex, and ethnicity were significant determinants for both TSH and fT4.
  • Height and time of venipuncture influenced TSH levels, while minimal association was observed between TSH and fT4.
  • Determinants accounted for considerable variation in reference range cutoffs for TSH and fT4.

Conclusions:

  • Significant discrepancies exist in established childhood TSH and fT4 reference ranges.
  • Factors such as weight, sex, and ethnicity are crucial determinants of thyroid function in children.
  • These identified determinants explain a substantial portion of the variability observed in pediatric thyroid reference ranges.