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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
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Japanese Guideline for Food Allergy 2014.

Atsuo Urisu1, Motohiro Ebisawa2, Komei Ito3

  • 1Fujita Health University School of Medicine.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
|September 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Accurately identifying causative foods is crucial for managing food allergies and preventing severe reactions like anaphylaxis. The oral challenge test is the most reliable diagnostic method, though it requires medical supervision.

Keywords:
IgE-mediated typeelimination dietfood allergynon-IgE-mediated typeoral food challenge

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Food allergy involves adverse immunological reactions to specific foods.
  • Symptoms manifest across multiple organs, with distinct clinical classifications.
  • Management includes treating hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis, with elimination diets as a key prophylactic measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of accurate causative food identification in managing food allergies.
  • To review diagnostic methods for food allergies.
  • To emphasize the reliability and risks associated with the oral challenge test.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic approaches for food allergies.
  • Discussion of various testing modalities including history, skin prick tests, IgE antibody detection, basophil histamine release, elimination diet tests, and oral challenge tests.
  • Emphasis on the oral challenge test as the gold standard.

Main Results:

  • The oral challenge test is identified as the most reliable method for diagnosing food allergies.
  • Various other diagnostic tools are available but have limitations compared to the oral challenge test.
  • Accurate diagnosis is essential to guide necessary elimination diets and avoid patient burden.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of causative foods is paramount for effective food allergy management.
  • The oral challenge test, while highly reliable, necessitates careful medical supervision due to potential adverse reactions like anaphylaxis.
  • Informed diagnostic choices support necessary dietary interventions and patient well-being.