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Protein folding and tRNA biology
Mónica Marín1, Tamara Fernández-Calero2,3, Ricardo Ehrlich2,4
1Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. marin@fcien.edu.uy.
Biophysical Reviews
|September 26, 2017
Summary
Cellular transfer RNA (tRNA) populations and translation kinetics significantly influence how newly synthesized polypeptides fold into functional proteins. Understanding tRNA biology is key to deciphering protein folding regulation.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Protein folding into tertiary structures begins during ribosomal synthesis.
- Nascent polypeptide folding is influenced by cellular factors like ribosome interactions, ligands, and membrane translocation.
- Translation machinery and transfer RNA (tRNA) availability critically impact protein folding pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of translation kinetics and tRNA populations in protein folding.
- To discuss current research in understanding tRNA biology.
- To explore how cellular tRNA populations modulate protein functional properties.
Main Methods:
- Literature review summarizing scientific evidence.
- Analysis of factors affecting protein folding in the cellular context.
- Examination of tRNA biology, population complexity, and characterization methods.
Main Results:
- Cellular context, including ribosome interactions and translocation, affects polypeptide folding.
- Translation kinetics and tRNA availability are major determinants of protein folding.
- TRNA populations exhibit complexity influenced by physiological and adaptive responses.
Conclusions:
- Cellular tRNA populations play a crucial role in modulating protein folding and function.
- Further research into tRNA biology and characterization is essential for a comprehensive understanding of protein folding.
- The interplay between translation and tRNA pools offers insights into protein property regulation.
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