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Surveys

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.

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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Do capability and functioning differ? A study of U.K. survey responses.

Hareth Al-Janabi¹

¹Health Economics Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Health Economics

|September 26, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Capability and functioning differences (CFD) exist for one-third of individuals, particularly in achievement. Education and health status significantly influence these disparities, impacting public spending priorities.

Keywords:

ICECAP capability approach outcome valuation well-being

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Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

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Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

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Published on: June 6, 2020

Area of Science:

Health Economics
Social Sciences
Well-being Research

Background:

The capability approach distinguishes between capabilities (potential) and functionings (actual achievements).
The practical extent of capability and functioning differences (CFD) remains underexplored across various life domains.
Understanding CFD is crucial for accurately assessing individual well-being and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the prevalence and patterns of capability and functioning differences (CFD) in a general population.
To identify demographic and health-related factors associated with CFD.
To explore how education and health status differentially relate to capability and functioning.

Main Methods:

Modification of the ICECAP-A capability questionnaire to assess both capabilities and functionings.
Data collection from a convenience sample of 943 individuals in the U.K.
Statistical analysis to examine CFD across different life aspects and participant characteristics.

Main Results:

Approximately one-third of participants reported CFD in at least one life area, most frequently concerning 'achievement'.
Higher education levels and impaired health were associated with a greater likelihood of reporting CFD.
Capability was more strongly associated with education, while functioning was more strongly associated with health status.

Conclusions:

CFD are a relevant phenomenon affecting a significant portion of the population, particularly in relation to achievement.
Individual characteristics like education and health status play distinct roles in shaping capability and functioning.
The differential influence of education and health on capability versus functioning suggests a need to consider the choice of evaluative space in public policy and spending decisions.