Polyester-Solid Lipid Mixed Nanoparticles with Improved Stability in Gastro-Intestinal Tract Facilitated Oral...

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of core stability of nanoparticles on their performances in oral drug delivery. Solid lipids (Geleol Mono and Diglycerides Nf) were incorporated into nanoparticles composed of mPEG-b-PCL by the dialysis method. The prepared solid lipid loaded nanoparticles were found to be spherical nanoparticles with a core state and size distribution dependent on the amount of solid lipid incorporated. The critical aggregation concentrations of lipid-loaded nanoparticles were determined using pyrene fluorescence. Then, the stability of block copolymer in nanoparticles with different solid lipid contents was studied in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid. Solid lipids were found to stabilize nanoparticle cores by improving not only the thermodynamic stability (lowered CAC) of the nanoparticle but also the chemical stability of the block copolymer in the gastrointestinal environment. The stability of the loaded drug (larotaxel, LTX) in nanoparticles with different solid lipid contents was challenged by intestinal homogenate and rat liver microsome, and solid lipid loaded nanoparticles showed superior drug-protecting capability. Solid lipid incorporation exhibited limited influence on the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake but improved the transcytosis of nanoparticles in Caco-2 monolayers. The results of pharmacokinetic study indicated that core stabilization was helpful in promoting oral larotaxel absorption as the absolute bioavailability of LTX delivered by solid lipid loaded nanoparticles was found to be 13.17%, compared with that by the lipid-free nanoparticles (6.264%) and LTX solution (2.435%). Additionally, the results of biodistribution study indicated relatively higher particle integrity of solid lipid loaded nanoparticles, shown by slower liver and spleen accumulation rate, compared with its lipid-free counterpart. Overall, incorporation of solid lipids made the nanoparticles more suitable for oral drug delivery.