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Predictive processing increases intelligibility of acoustically distorted speech: Behavioral and neural correlates.

Maria Hakonen1,2, Patrick J C May3,4, Iiro P Jääskeläinen1

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Understanding acoustically distorted speech involves memory-related brain regions. Prior experience and memory bias perception of ambiguous auditory information, influencing speech comprehension.

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acoustic distortioncomprehensionfunctional magnetic resonance imagingintelligibilitymemoryspeech

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Speech comprehension can be challenging with acoustically distorted audio.
  • The brain's mechanisms for understanding degraded speech are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify brain areas engaged during the comprehension of acoustically distorted speech.
  • To investigate how varying intelligibility affects neural responses to fixed distorted stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in 20 subjects.
  • Participants listened to blocks of distorted sentences, followed by intact versions, then distorted sentences again.
  • Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) responses were contrasted between pre- and post-disambiguation distorted sentences.

Main Results:

  • Increased BOLD activity was observed in the bilateral frontal pole, dorsal anterior cingulate/paracingulate cortex, and right frontal operculum.
  • Decreased BOLD responses were found in the posterior insula, Heschl's gyrus, and posterior superior temporal sulcus.
  • Primary auditory cortex activity was modulated by prior experience.

Conclusions:

  • Speech comprehension of distorted audio engages brain areas linked to executive functions and episodic memory.
  • Memory systems likely play a role in interpreting ambiguous sensory information.
  • Perception is biased by memory to favor the most probable interpretation.