Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 22, 2026
Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
Published on: March 29, 2022
Assessment of age- and sex-related changes in baggy lower eyelids using a novel objective image analysis method:
Seong-Jin Jo1,2,3, Hyung Su Kim4, Jung Tae Park1,5
1Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background:
Baggy lower eyelids (BLEs) are a common aesthetic problem of aging. Valid and reliable assessment tools for BLEs are required to evaluate the current status and treatment outcome.
Aims:
Age- and sex-related changes in BLEs were assessed with the orbital gray scale (OGS), a novel objective image analysis method.
Methods:
We gathered frontal-view photographs of the faces of the patients who sought for correction of BLEs. Based on the clinical pattern, we classified the BLEs of the subjects into medial (M), medial and central (MC), and medial to lateral (MCL) types. Severity was evaluated using the OGS, a modified method of the linear gray scale analysis.
Results:
The BLEs of 1034 subjects were classified. The most common types were MCL type in the men and MC type in the women, respectively. The M and MC types were common in the young subjects, whereas the MCL type was more common in the old subjects (P < .001). The measurements of OGS in 104 subjects showed positive correlation with age, a higher mean value in the men, and a trend toward higher values in the order of M, MC, and MCL types (P < .001 for central and lateral OGS scores). In a multiple linear regression analysis, central and lateral OGS values were significantly related with age, sex, and M-C-L classification type (P < .001).
Conclusion:
The M-C-L classification and OGS were significantly associated with both age and sex, proving that they could be potent objective assessment tools for BLEs.
