Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

9.7K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
9.7K
Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

9.6K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
9.6K
Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry

9.5K
A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
9.5K
Gauss's Law01:07

Gauss's Law

9.8K
If a closed surface does not have any charge inside where an electric field line can terminate, then the electric field line entering the surface at one point must necessarily exit at some other point of the surface. Therefore, if a closed surface does not have any charges inside the enclosed volume, then the electric flux through the surface is zero. What happens to the electric flux if there are some charges inside the enclosed volume? Gauss's law gives a quantitative answer to this question.
9.8K
Spherical Coordinates01:23

Spherical Coordinates

16.4K
Spherical coordinate systems are preferred over Cartesian, polar, or cylindrical coordinates for systems with spherical symmetry. For example, to describe the surface of a sphere, Cartesian coordinates require all three coordinates. On the other hand, the spherical coordinate system requires only one parameter: the sphere's radius. As a result, the complicated mathematical calculations become simple. Spherical coordinates are used in science and engineering applications like electric and...
16.4K
Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity

4.6K
In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prepare-and-measure and entanglement simulation beyond qubits.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Experimental direct quantum communication with squeezed states.

Optics express·2025
Same author

X-Ray Emission from Atomic Systems Can Distinguish between Prevailing Dynamical Wave-Function Collapse Models.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Collapse Dynamics Are Diffusive.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Collapse Models: A Theoretical, Experimental and Philosophical Review.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Entanglement Witness for the Weak Equivalence Principle.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves
06:48

Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves

Published on: May 10, 2020

4.0K

General Galilei Covariant Gaussian Maps.

Giulio Gasbarri1,2,3, Marko Toroš2,3, Angelo Bassi2,3

  • 1Abdus Salam ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy.

Physical Review Letters
|September 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We analyzed non-Markovian Gaussian maps under Galilean transformations, finding they simplify to known results in the Markovian limit. This work advances understanding of macroscopicity measures, incorporating non-Markovianity and Galilean covariance.

More Related Videos

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves
06:48

Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves

Published on: May 10, 2020

4.0K
The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Foundations of Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Non-Markovian quantum dynamics are crucial for understanding open quantum systems.
  • Galilean covariance is a fundamental symmetry in classical and non-relativistic quantum mechanics.
  • Macroscopicity measures quantify the classicality of quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize non-Markovian Gaussian maps covariant under Galilean transformations.
  • To investigate the connection between these maps and classicality measures.
  • To explore generalizations of existing macroscopicity measures.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical characterization of non-Markovian Gaussian maps.
  • Analysis of translational and Galilean covariant maps.
  • Application to classicalization maps and macroscopicity measures.

Main Results:

  • General non-Markovian Gaussian maps covariant under Galilean transformations were characterized.
  • Translational and Galilean covariant maps were shown to reduce to the Holevo result in the Markovian limit.
  • The role of dissipation, Galilean covariance, and non-Markovianity in macroscopicity measures was discussed.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework for understanding non-Markovian quantum dynamics with Galilean symmetry.
  • Results offer insights into the physical conditions affecting measures of quantum macroscopicity.
  • A potential generalization of the Nimmrichter-Hornberger macroscopicity measure was proposed.