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A V Nalitov1, T C H Liew2, A V Kavokin1,3,4,5

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We predict spontaneous superfluid polariton currents in modulated microcavities. These currents break spatial symmetry, with direction chosen randomly, forming domains whose size and lifetime depend on pumping power.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Polaritons are quasiparticles formed from exciton-photon coupling in semiconductor microcavities.
  • Spontaneous pattern formation and symmetry breaking are key phenomena in driven-dissipative quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict the spontaneous generation of superfluid polariton currents.
  • To investigate the conditions and characteristics of current generation in modulated microcavities.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical prediction using a model of polariton condensates.
  • Analysis of spatial inversion symmetry breaking.
  • Investigation of current stability against fluctuations.
  • Study of domain structure formation and scaling properties.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous superfluid polariton currents emerge above a critical pumping threshold.
  • The direction of the polariton current is stochastically determined.
  • A unique domain structure forms, with current direction switching at domain walls.
  • Domain size and lifetime exhibit scaling behavior with pumping power.

Conclusions:

  • Lateral modulation of potential and decay rates can induce spontaneous superfluid currents.
  • The observed phenomena offer insights into symmetry breaking and pattern formation in quantum systems.
  • The findings pave the way for controlling polariton dynamics in microcavity devices.