Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

5.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.2K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

14.5K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
14.5K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

2.5K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.5K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

5.6K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.6K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

3.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.9K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

1.2K
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chronic comorbidities, concomitant medications, and treatment patterns of chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy: a hospital claims database study in Japan.

BMC infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Diagnostic errors in patients admitted directly from new outpatient visits.

Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

Corrigendum: Characteristics and real-world medication persistence of people living with HIV treated with DTG/3TC or BIC/FTC/TAF: a hospital claims database study in Japan.

Frontiers in medicine·2025
Same author

Characteristics and real-world medication persistence of people living with HIV treated with DTG/3TC or BIC/FTC/TAF: a hospital claims database study in Japan.

Frontiers in medicine·2024
Same author

Risk factors for progressing to severe COVID-19 among people living with HIV in Japan: A hospital claims database study.

Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·2023
Same author

Evaluation of a Medical Interview-Assistance System Using Artificial Intelligence for Resident Physicians Interviewing Simulated Patients: A Crossover, Randomized, Controlled Trial.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Analyzing the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Microbial Traversal through Microvascular Endothelial Cells
06:26

Analyzing the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Microbial Traversal through Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Published on: February 14, 2020

17.5K

Type 2 Diabetes and Bacteremia.

Junko Sato1, Akio Kanazawa, Hirotaka Watada

  • 1Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
|September 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gut dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut bacteria, is linked to type 2 diabetes and obesity. Modulating the gut microbiota may offer new therapeutic strategies for diabetes management.

Keywords:
Chronic inflammationGut dysbiosisInsulin resistanceLeaky gutMetabolic endotoxemiaPrebioticsProbioticsType 2 diabetes

More Related Videos

Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice
06:55

Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

21.9K
Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
06:21

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Analyzing the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Microbial Traversal through Microvascular Endothelial Cells
06:26

Analyzing the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Microbial Traversal through Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Published on: February 14, 2020

17.5K
Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice
06:55

Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

21.9K
Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
06:21

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Metabolic disease research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is influenced by genetics and environment.
  • Gut microorganisms are increasingly recognized as contributors to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota offers potential therapeutic avenues for diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of gut dysbiosis in type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis impacts metabolic health.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for diabetes through microbiota modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on gut dysbiosis in type 2 diabetes.
  • Analysis of the impact of gut dysbiosis on metabolic signaling molecules (SCFAs, bile acids).
  • Investigation of the relationship between gut dysbiosis, intestinal permeability, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Gut dysbiosis is consistently observed in type 2 diabetes patients, with variations across populations.
  • Dysbiosis alters short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, affecting metabolism.
  • Increased intestinal permeability ('leaky gut') due to dysbiosis elevates lipopolysaccharide levels, triggering inflammatory responses.

Conclusions:

  • Gut dysbiosis plays a significant role in obesity and diabetes, often through chronic low-grade inflammation.
  • Restoring gut microbiota balance presents a novel therapeutic approach for insulin resistance diseases like diabetes mellitus.