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Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

Polycomb silencing mediated by specific DNA-binding recruiters.

Eduardo March¹, Sara Farrona¹

¹Plant &Agricultural Biosciences Centre (PABC), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Nature Genetics

|September 28, 2017

Summary

Scientists discovered how Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are globally targeted to DNA. This mechanism involves sequence-specific DNA-binding factors, advancing our understanding of epigenetic regulation.

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Area of Science:

Epigenetics and gene regulation
Molecular biology
Genomics

Background:

The precise recruitment of epigenetic factors to specific genomic locations is crucial for gene expression control.
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are key epigenetic regulators, but the mechanisms governing their targeted localization remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate a global mechanism by which Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are tethered to specific DNA sequences.
To identify the role of sequence-specific DNA-binding factors in recruiting PcG proteins.

Main Methods:

Investigated the interaction between sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins and Polycomb group (PcG) complexes.
Utilized genomic approaches to map the distribution of PcG proteins in relation to DNA-binding factor occupancy.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a widespread mechanism for tethering Polycomb group (PcG) proteins.
Showed that sequence-specific DNA-binding factors act as global recruiters for PcG proteins to the genome.

Conclusions:

Sequence-specific DNA-binding factors provide a general mechanism for targeting Polycomb group (PcG) proteins across the genome.
This finding offers new insights into the principles of epigenetic factor localization and gene silencing.