Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor Units01:13

Motor Units

8.6K
The motor unit is a fundamental component of the neuromuscular system and plays a crucial role in coordinating muscle contractions. It consists of a somatic motor neuron, which connects and controls multiple skeletal muscle fibers, forming a single functional segment. The axon of the motor neuron branches out and establishes synaptic connections known as neuromuscular junctions with individual muscle fibers within the motor unit.
Motor units come in different sizes, with smaller units...
8.6K
Motor Units00:46

Motor Units

62.1K
A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
62.1K
Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

4.0K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
4.0K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

3.7K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
3.7K
Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

4.7K
The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
4.7K
Rolling Resistance01:21

Rolling Resistance

691
When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down due to...
691

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-world insights into young-onset gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: an all-Ireland population-based cancer registry analysis.

ESMO gastrointestinal oncology·2026
Same author

Transport Access for Ambulatory Care for Older People.

Irish medical journal·2026
Same author

Operationalising prehospital management of exertional heat illness in athletes and team sports.

BMJ military health·2025
Same author

Muscle Makers: A 10-Week Strength and Nutrition Program for Sarcopenia.

Irish medical journal·2025
Same author

von Willebrand factor antigen, von Willebrand factor propeptide and ADAMTS13 activity in TIA or ischaemic stroke patients changing antiplatelet therapy.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2024
Same author

Delayed and significant hypercalcaemia due to teriparatide therapy: a case report and review.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients
09:42

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Published on: September 1, 2023

2.2K

Older Motorcyclists in Ireland.

D Fitzpatrick1, D O'Neill2,3

  • 1Tallaght Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland.

Irish Medical Journal
|September 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Older motorcyclists are a growing vulnerable road user group. While generally safer, their injury rates are increasing, necessitating updated road safety strategies and trauma care.

Area of Science:

  • Road safety
  • Trauma research
  • Geriatric medicine

Background:

  • Older motorcyclists are an under-recognized vulnerable road user demographic.
  • An increasing proportion of motorcycle injuries involve older riders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore trends in aging ridership.
  • To identify factors contributing to older motorcyclist collisions and injuries.
  • To inform road safety strategies and trauma services.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Irish data from the Central Statistics Office, Road Safety Authority, and Healthcare Pricing Office.
  • Analyzed trends in motorcyclist age, injury rates, length of hospital stay, and motorcycle engine capacity.
  • Examined collision outcomes, including fatal injuries in single-vehicle incidents.

More Related Videos

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

23.2K
Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
08:55

Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion

Published on: February 5, 2020

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients
09:42

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Published on: September 1, 2023

2.2K
Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

23.2K
Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
08:55

Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion

Published on: February 5, 2020

8.0K

Main Results:

  • Injuries among motorcyclists aged 55 and over increased from 17 in 2005 to 31 in 2012.
  • Riders aged 30-49 and 50+ experienced longer hospital stays than younger riders (<30).
  • Motorcycles with engine capacities ≥750cc increased from 39.6% (2007) to 46.7% (2015).
  • Older motorcyclists had a lower likelihood of fatal injury in single-vehicle collisions.
  • Despite being generally safer, the proportion of older motorcyclist injuries is rising.

Conclusions:

  • The rising proportion of older motorcyclist injuries requires attention.
  • Irish road safety strategies and trauma services must adapt to the needs of aging riders.
  • Preventive and treatment approaches should incorporate data on older motorcyclist vulnerability and injury patterns.